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Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

College of Law, Sumer University

كلية القانون جامعة سومر

P-ISSN: 3081-1082
Researchers in the field of law

International Protection of Civilians from Landmines and Naval Mines During Armed Conflicts

Abdulqader Hussein Juma

Abstract

This study examines the international protection afforded to civilians from the dangers of landmines and naval mines during armed conflicts in light of the rules of International Humanitarian Law and the relevant international legal instruments. It explores the conceptual framework of landmines and naval mines, together with their humanitarian and legal consequences, and analyzes the international legal basis governing the protection of civilians from the risks arising from their use. The study further investigates the international mechanisms established to strengthen such protection through international treaties, customary international humanitarian law, and the role of international organizations, particularly the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross, in monitoring compliance with international obligations, providing humanitarian assistance to affected populations, and supporting efforts to address the humanitarian consequences of armed conflicts. In addition, the study analyzes the international responsibility arising from violations of the rules protecting civilians by examining both state responsibility for internationally wrongful acts and individual criminal responsibility for serious violations of international humanitarian law, while highlighting the role of international judicial bodies and accountability mechanisms in combating impunity. The study concludes that although the international legal framework provides comprehensive rules for the protection of civilians, the effectiveness of such protection ultimately depends on states' commitment to implementing their international obligations, strengthening international cooperation, and enhancing monitoring and accountability mechanisms to minimize the humanitarian consequences of armed conflicts and ensure more effective protection for civilians.

الكلمات المفتاحية: International Protection; Civilians; Landmines and Naval Mines; International Humanitarian Law.