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College of Law, Sumer University

كلية القانون جامعة سومر

P-ISSN: 3081-1082
Researchers in the field of law

التطور التاريخي لتنظيم المؤمن الاجنبي في العراق

أحمد فارس صلال
Prof. Dr. Siham

Abstract

This research addresses the historical development of the foreign insurer in Iraq as a mirror reflecting the political, economic, and legislative transformations of the Iraqi State. The study traces the historical roots of insurance activity from maritime contracts in the Italian commercial cities during the fourteenth century, through the Lloyd's market in London in the seventeenth century, to the appointment of the first official insurance commissioner in the United States in 1851 — a context that gave rise to the foreign insurer as a cross-border phenomenon. The research then examines the four historical stages through which the foreign insurer passed in Iraq: the Ottoman era and early beginnings, dominated by inherited legislation such as the Sigorta Law of 1905; the stage of gradual restriction, which commenced with the first national insurance supervision law of 1936 and was reinforced by Law No. (49) of 1960; the stage of nationalization and exclusion established by the Nationalization Law No. (99) of 1964, which transformed the insurance sector into a complete state monopoly; and finally the stage of openness and the return of the foreign insurer with the enactment of the Insurance Business Regulation Law No. (10) of 2005, which once again recognized the foreign insurer as a legitimate entity under the supervision of the Insurance Diwan. The research concludes that the position of the Iraqi legislator toward the foreign insurer has evolved through three successive philosophies — absolute permissibility, protective restriction, and complete exclusion — before returning to regulated openness. It recommends the development of the current legislative framework to ensure a balance between encouraging foreign investment and protecting the national market, strengthening the supervisory role of the Insurance Diwan, and tightening the rules governing outbound reinsurance to preserve the national economy from the unjustified outflow of premiums.

الكلمات المفتاحية: تأمين، المؤمن، المؤمن الاجنبي، التطور التاريخي، ديوان التأمين.

اقرأ البحث

تحميل التطور التاريخي لتنظيم المؤمن الاجنبي في العراق (Arabic)

معلومات النشر

كيفية الاقتباس

أحمد فارس صلال. "التطور التاريخي لتنظيم المؤمن الاجنبي في العراق". College of Law, Sumer University, %2026.